昆虫企业
  友情链接
·中国昆虫学会
·
  联系我们
地址:河北农大西校区植保学院
邮编:071000
电话:0312-7528150
E-mail:hbinsect@yahoo.com.cn
您的位置:首页 > 昆虫信息 > 昆虫科普
昆虫信息
PNAS:透明色昆虫翅膀实则色彩鲜艳
添加时间:2011-01-11 16:10:43    浏览次数:1625     来源:生物谷  【 】 关闭窗口
      据《连线》网站报道,国外研究人员日前发现,那些从表面上看是土褐色的透明昆虫翅膀(如苍蝇和黄蜂的翅膀)在近距离观看时,会显现出之前从未见过的彩色,而且肉眼就能够看到,而这种特征在几个世纪以来一直为人们所忽视。
      瑞典隆德大学的昆虫学家叶卡捷琳娜•谢威托索瓦与克莱斯特•汉森领导的研究人员领导了此项研究,他们表示:“如果给定最有利的光照条件,它们将呈现出一个美轮美奂的世界,而这些翅膀上的鲜艳图案却一直被当代生物学家所忽视。”
      黄蜂和苍蝇的翅膀是由两层扁平的透明甲壳素组成的,这两层甲壳素可同时反射光线,而当反射回的光混合时就产生了颜色。水面浮油和肥皂泡呈现彩色的原理也是如此。此前科学家认为透明翅膀的着色只是一种肥皂泡的彩虹色效应,随机变幻的彩色会在翅膀表面闪烁。
      不过研究人员发现,甲壳素表面的变化过滤掉了彩虹色效应。剩下的颜色经证明是稳定的,而且几乎从任何角度都能够看见。这种颜色在不同物种与不同性别的昆虫之间存在一致的差异。
      以往的生物学家之所以忽视了这一点,部分原因是因为他们并没有去寻找昆虫翅膀的颜色,而另一部分是因为这种颜色只在黑暗背景上最为明显。在白色背景下,这种颜色是看不见的——而大部分昆虫学家恰好是采用这种白色背景来研究透明的翅膀。
      “如果你把昆虫的翅膀对着光举起来,那么你只能看见翅膀的纹理,”这项研究的合著者、宾夕法尼亚大学的进化生态学家丹尼尔•简森解释说,“而如果你通过显微镜去观察,你就能得到翅膀背面的清晰景象。”
      研究人员认为,这种翅膀的着色具有特殊的功能,特别是对于交配而言。这种鲜艳的翅膀图案还将帮助科学家去区分用其他方法难以区分的昆虫。研究人员已经采用透明翅膀的颜色去辨识三种黄蜂的新品种。据简森称,至少有12种其他类型的昆虫,从蜻蜓和蟑螂到草蜢,可能都具有与苍蝇和黄蜂一样五彩斑斓的透明翅膀。
生物谷推荐原文出处:
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1017393108
Stable structural color patterns displayed on transparent insect wings
Ekaterina Shevtsovaa,1, Christer Hanssona,b,1, Daniel H. Janzenc,1, and Jostein Kj?randsend,1
Abstract
Color patterns play central roles in the behavior of insects, and are important traits for taxonomic studies. Here we report striking and stable structural color patterns—wing interference patterns (WIPs)—in the transparent wings of small Hymenoptera and Diptera, patterns that have been largely overlooked by biologists. These extremely thin wings reflect vivid color patterns caused by thin film interference. The visibility of these patterns is affected by the way the insects display their wings against various backgrounds with different light properties. The specific color sequence displayed lacks pure red and matches the color vision of most insects, strongly suggesting that the biological significance of WIPs lies in visual signaling. Taxon-specific color patterns are formed by uneven membrane thickness, pigmentation, venation, and hair placement. The optically refracted pattern is also stabilized by microstructures of the wing such as membrane corrugations and spherical cell structures that reinforce the pattern and make it essentially noniridescent over a large range of light incidences. WIPs can be applied to map the micromorphology of wings through direct observation and are useful in several fields of biology. We demonstrate their usefulness as identification patterns to solve cases of cryptic species complexes in tiny parasitic wasps, and indicate their potentials for research on the genetic control of wing development through direct links between the transregulatory wing landscape and interference patterns we observe in Drosophila model species. Some species display sexually dimorphic WIPs, suggesting sexual selection as one of the driving forces for their evolution.
 
网站声明:
①本网站为纯公益性服务网站,所刊发、转载的文章,其版权均归原作者所有;附带版权声明的文章,其版权以附带的版权声明为准。
②本网转载是为了传递更多信息,并不表示赞同其观点或证实其内容的真实性。如对信息有疑议,请及时与我们联系。
③本网站如无意侵犯了哪个媒体或个人的知识产权,请来信或来电,我们将立即删除该信息。如其他媒体、网站或个人从本网下载使用,必须保留本网注明的“信息来源”,并自负版权等法律责任。
Copyright ©  2024  河北省昆虫学会 All Rights Reserved     冀ICP备09045104号-1     技术支持:三金网络